1. Judy is a self-employed musician who performs for a variety of events. This year Judy was fined $250 by the city for violating the city's noise ordinance with a relatively loud performance. As a consequence Judy contributed $1,000 to a campaign committee formed to recall the city's mayor. Judy normally hires three part-time employees to help her schedule events and transport equipment. Judy paid a total of $33,000 to her employees through June of this year. In June Judy fired her part-time employees and hired her husband to replace them. However, Judy paid him $55,000 rather than $33,000. Judy is on the cash method and calendar year, and she wants to know what amount of these expenditures is deductible as business expenses.
2. Sam operates a small chain of pizza outlets in Fort Collins, Colorado. In November of this year Sam decided to attend a two-day management training course. Sam could choose to attend the course in Denver or Los Angeles. Sam decided to attend the course in Los Angeles and take an eight-day vacation immediately after the course. Sam reported the following expenditures from the trip:
What amount of travel expenditures can Sam deduct?
Course Tuition: $2,500
Air fair: 800
Hotel (10 nights) 1,200
Rental Car (10 days) 900
Meals (10 days) 1,500
3. Blackwell Manufacturing uses the accrual method and reports on a calendar year. This year a customer was injured when visiting the Blackwell factory. The customer sued the company for $500,000, and the case is still being litigated. However, Blackwell's attorney expects that the company will pay at least $250,000 to settle the claim. What amount, if any, can Blackwell deduct for the expected claim settlement this year?
4. Paulsen incurred $55,000 of research and experimental expenses and began amortizing them over 60 months during June of year 1. During May of year 3, Paulsen received a patent based upon the research being amortized. $36,000 of legal expenses for the patent was incurred.
a) What is the basis of the patent, rounding amortization for each year to the nearest whole number?
b) What is the amortization expense with respect to the patent during the year it was issued rounded to the nearest whole number?
5. Oksana started an LLC on November 2 of the current year. She incurred $30,000 of start-up costs. How much of the start-up costs can be immediately expensed for the year? How much amortization may Oksana deduct in the first year
6. Explain whether the sale of a machine used in a trade or business that is sold at a loss generates an ordinary or capital loss?
7. Andrew, an individual, began business four years ago and has never sold a §1231 asset. Andrew owned each of the assets for several years. In the current year, Andrew sold the following business assets: Assuming Andrew's marginal ordinary income tax rate is 30 percent, what is the character of the gains and losses and what affect do they have an Andrews Tax liability.
8. Collins Corporation, of Camden, Maine, wants to exchange its manufacturing equipment for Rockland Company's equipment. Both parties agree that Collins's machinery is worth $200,000 and that Rockland's machinery is worth $175,000. Collins will not enter into the transaction unless it qualifies as a like-kind exchange. If Collins wants to avoid gain, what could the parties do to equalize the value exchanged but still allow the exchange to qualify as a like-kind exchange?
9. Nancy purchased a building and then leased the building to ZML. Nancy is the sole shareholder of ZML. She leased the building to ZML for $2,500 per month. However, the IRS determined that the fair market value of the lease payment should only be $1,500 per month. How would the lease payment be treated with respect to both Nancy and ZML
10. In 2012, US Sys Corporation received $250,000 in death benefits after its CEO (a key employee) died (it included this amount in book income). For book purposes, US Sys also expensed life insurance premiums for other key employees in the amount of $20,000. In addition, for book purposes, it expensed $10,000 of meals and entertainment expenditures. What is the total book-tax difference associated with these items? Is it favorable or unfavorable? What amount of the book-tax difference is temporary and what amount is permanent?
26. Lafayette, Inc. completed its first year of operations with a pretax loss of $800,000. The tax return showed a net operating loss of $750,000, which the company will carry forward. The $50,000 book-tax difference results from a disallowed deduction for meals and entertainment. Management has determined that they should record a valuation allowance equal to the net deferred tax asset. Assuming a tax rate of 34%, prepare the journal entries to record the deferred tax provision and the valuation allowance.
2. Sam operates a small chain of pizza outlets in Fort Collins, Colorado. In November of this year Sam decided to attend a two-day management training course. Sam could choose to attend the course in Denver or Los Angeles. Sam decided to attend the course in Los Angeles and take an eight-day vacation immediately after the course. Sam reported the following expenditures from the trip:
What amount of travel expenditures can Sam deduct?
Course Tuition: $2,500
Air fair: 800
Hotel (10 nights) 1,200
Rental Car (10 days) 900
Meals (10 days) 1,500
3. Blackwell Manufacturing uses the accrual method and reports on a calendar year. This year a customer was injured when visiting the Blackwell factory. The customer sued the company for $500,000, and the case is still being litigated. However, Blackwell's attorney expects that the company will pay at least $250,000 to settle the claim. What amount, if any, can Blackwell deduct for the expected claim settlement this year?
4. Paulsen incurred $55,000 of research and experimental expenses and began amortizing them over 60 months during June of year 1. During May of year 3, Paulsen received a patent based upon the research being amortized. $36,000 of legal expenses for the patent was incurred.
a) What is the basis of the patent, rounding amortization for each year to the nearest whole number?
b) What is the amortization expense with respect to the patent during the year it was issued rounded to the nearest whole number?
5. Oksana started an LLC on November 2 of the current year. She incurred $30,000 of start-up costs. How much of the start-up costs can be immediately expensed for the year? How much amortization may Oksana deduct in the first year
6. Explain whether the sale of a machine used in a trade or business that is sold at a loss generates an ordinary or capital loss?
7. Andrew, an individual, began business four years ago and has never sold a §1231 asset. Andrew owned each of the assets for several years. In the current year, Andrew sold the following business assets: Assuming Andrew's marginal ordinary income tax rate is 30 percent, what is the character of the gains and losses and what affect do they have an Andrews Tax liability.
8. Collins Corporation, of Camden, Maine, wants to exchange its manufacturing equipment for Rockland Company's equipment. Both parties agree that Collins's machinery is worth $200,000 and that Rockland's machinery is worth $175,000. Collins will not enter into the transaction unless it qualifies as a like-kind exchange. If Collins wants to avoid gain, what could the parties do to equalize the value exchanged but still allow the exchange to qualify as a like-kind exchange?
9. Nancy purchased a building and then leased the building to ZML. Nancy is the sole shareholder of ZML. She leased the building to ZML for $2,500 per month. However, the IRS determined that the fair market value of the lease payment should only be $1,500 per month. How would the lease payment be treated with respect to both Nancy and ZML
10. In 2012, US Sys Corporation received $250,000 in death benefits after its CEO (a key employee) died (it included this amount in book income). For book purposes, US Sys also expensed life insurance premiums for other key employees in the amount of $20,000. In addition, for book purposes, it expensed $10,000 of meals and entertainment expenditures. What is the total book-tax difference associated with these items? Is it favorable or unfavorable? What amount of the book-tax difference is temporary and what amount is permanent?
26. Lafayette, Inc. completed its first year of operations with a pretax loss of $800,000. The tax return showed a net operating loss of $750,000, which the company will carry forward. The $50,000 book-tax difference results from a disallowed deduction for meals and entertainment. Management has determined that they should record a valuation allowance equal to the net deferred tax asset. Assuming a tax rate of 34%, prepare the journal entries to record the deferred tax provision and the valuation allowance.
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